Wood carving is found all over India. We can see carved wooden pillars and doorways in temples and palaces across the country.and now, wood carving is mostly found in functional articles like furniture, bowls, boxes, lamp stands, etc. Depending on the availability, different types of woods were used for wood carving, and for making decorative wood installations. The origins of the craft can be traced back to the late 19th century which is  Closely associated with architecture, wood carving incorporated the design vocabulary of architectural carvings.


 HOW TO GET STARTED

First Select wood that is appropriate size and shape. For bigger art pieces more than one piece of wood can be used. Always Softer wood is easier to carve, but will also get damage easier. Then  next is shaping process which is done  using gouge  of various sizes. The gouge is a curved blade that can remove large portions of wood smoothly.For harder woods, the sculptor may use a chisel and mallet, similar to a stone carver. For making Smaller sculptures they use knife and for making  larger pieces they might require the use of a saw. No matter what wood is selected or tool used, the wood sculptor must always carve either across or with the grain of the wood, never against the grain.  Once the general shape is made, the carver starts using variety of chisels for creating details. They use a V tool for making fine lines or decorative cuts.The finer polishing is done with abrasive paper. After completing the carving ad finishing the artist starts sealing and coloring the woods using various  natural oils inorder to protect those woods from dirt and moisture. They use gloss varnish to get a shiny surface. And then they will do a final coating with a layer of wax which protects the wood and gives  shiny  soft  lustrous sheen


Types of tools used for wood carving is as follows
1. The carving knife: a specialized knife used to pare, cut, and smooth wood.
2. The gouge: a tool with a curved cutting edge used in a variety of forms and 
3. The coping saw, a small saw that is used to cut off chunks of wood at once.
4. The chisel, large and small, whose straight cutting edge is used for lines and cleaning up flat surfaces.
5. The V-tool used for parting, and in certain classes of flat work for emphasizing lines.
6. The veiner: a specialized deep gouge with a U shaped cutting edge.
sharpening equipment, such as various stones and a strop, necessary for maintaining edges.


ABOUT THE ARTISAN
MR. Ram Bhaskar is 42 year old wood carving art craftsman comes from a family of traditional craftsmen in uttar pradesh. While his forefathers carved ivory and sandalwood. Ram mostly uses palm wood. He has a experience of 38 years and works opposite max store, near tvs showroom, at Kottivakkam in ECR, chennai. 

India, home to the world’s largest democracy is a giant amalgamation of life on the move. Part of the lifestyle in India encompasses the monumental importance given to culture and arts. The average Indian lifestyle, in the ancient times, was culturally oriented. Whilst discipline and devotion were morals inculcated in a new-born, the applicative of the same was learning an art or a craft. The same moral is given utmost importance in order to keep alive the spirit of creativity, authenticity, ethnicity and learning. The Indian subcontinent plays the role of a humble abode to a number of forms in the name of the arts and crafts manifested in the nation and around it. With the authentic and indigenous crafts that it possesses, India makes a colossal embodiment of discovered and even so yet to discover arts and crafts

TamilNadu has a rich history of culture and tradition that has evolved over centuries. Perhaps the most profuse flowering of the Tamil culture is in the handicrafts of TamilNadu. By ceaselessly promoting the various ethnic art forms, simultaneously preserving antique artefacts from Chola and Pandya dynasties by reproducing their replicas, Tamil Nadu has become a world-known destination for pilgrims of art in search of fine handiworks of India, such as life-like, Stone Sculptures, Celestial figures in Bronze, Brass lamps, Rosewood Carvings, Sandalwood Carvings, country wood Carvings, Tanjore Art Plates, Tanjore Picture Paintings and much, and much more.

Mylapore the land of Tamil Brahmins, Iyers in particular. St. Thomas Basilica and the Ramakrishna Math (Pronounced as Muth), are some of the places that immediately come to mind when one says ‘Mylapore’.It is an amalgamation of Hindu, Muslim and Christian faiths. It’s a perfect example of secularism amongst the neighbourhoods of Chennai. It is a cultural hub and one of the oldest presidential parts of the city. It is impossible for one to leave Mylapore without gaining any cultural knowledge.




Like any age-old tradition, you can’t help but wonder, what is the significance of Marapachi Bommais? Some believe that these dolls were presented to the bride and the groom at the time of marriage as toys for the couple. After all when two people, rather two children, get married at the age of ten what better gift than toys to keep them happy. Yet another very interesting reason came to my attention while talking to people was, that these dolls dressed in their wedding attire helped in capturing the moment in the days where technology was clearly non-existent. In the absence of pictures, what better way to remember the way you looked when you were married?


The tradition of giving wooden dolls started when child marriage was an essential ceremony in India. Mainly In southern India wooden dolls were gifted to the bride from the groom’s family considering it as a symbol of inviting her in the new family, so that she feels welcomed. There were many other dolls made up of different materials (clay, marble etc.) which were gifted with the marapachi dolls, but the couple dolls had the most importance as it was gifted in a set of two symbolising the bride and the groom.

It is a traditional practice to have wooden figurines of the bride and groom together, called ‘Marapachi Bommai’ or ‘Pattada Gombe’, usually made of sandalwood, teak or rosewood and decorated with new clothes each year before being displayed on the Golu. In southern India, bride is presented with Marapachi Bommai during the wedding by her parents as part of wedding trousseau to initiate the yearly tradition of Navaratri Golu in her new home with her husband. These dolls come as couples dressed in their wedding attire, depicting husband and wife symbolizing prosperity and fertility and the start of the bride’s Golu collection. Display figurines are passed on from one generation to another as heirloom.The significance of this particular gift made of Marapachi doll in red sandal wood is stated to be the medicinal quality of the wood. When a child licks this plaything made of red sandalwood, the child’s saliva derives an extract of the wood which the child absorbs into its system.
The art of creating colourful Kolu dolls and statues has died out. The tradition that has been a part of our culture for centuries, is barely known by half of the population, let alone practiced.
Over the time, lineage of artisans have found it extremely difficult to attract their younger ones in practicing and continuing their hereditary crafts work. They look out for more viable options while pursuing their future, giving minimum importance to the tradition and more towards earning a comfortable livelihood.

The artisans, left in slender numbers, are falling short of work and they tend to resort to repairing the already made dolls instead of making new ones.

Mr.  S. Paramasivam : +91 9841945161
Painter and restorer of old golu dolls

Mr Vinodh : +91 9884242203
Running a family business which is three generations old.

Documented by Shreya Singh